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Folk architecture

One of the irreplaceable parts of the national cultural heritage is folk architecture as evidence of the level of the building abilities of our predecessors.

Historically preserved objects of folk architecture are found in almost every location of Slovakia. In the variety that is represented by folk architecture, it forms the characteristic signs of the urban arrangement of architectonic and tectonic elements that may be identified according to regional ethnic signs.

The previous era that brought about a decrease in interest in maintaining traditional skills and folk art also brought about a decrease in interest in folk architecture and urbanism that was also manifested in the postwar period in the reconstruction of rural locations in which foreign patterns were copied.

Following from the effort to maintain and renew folk architecture traditions, a continual process directed at preserving historically traditional folk architecture in all its regional variety began.

In Slovakia, historical preservations of folk architecture have been gradually proclaimed:

Community	year of proclamation
Čičmany	1977
Podbiel	1977
Vlkolínec	1977
Ždiar	1977
Špania dolina	1979
Osturňa	1981
Sebechleby	1981
Veľké Leváre	1981
Brhlovce	1983
Plavecký Peter	1990

The community of Vlkolínec has, as a whole, such a unique architectonic and urban quality out of these preserved sites in a world-wide ratio that it has been included among the historical sights entered in the list of the UNESCO World Cultural Heritage.

Currently, protected folk architecture is also in the following Slovak museums of folk architecture:

1. Slovak Village Museum - Martin
2. Kysuce Village Museum - Vychylovka
3. Museum of Orava Village - Zuberec
4. Museum of Liptov Village - Pribylina
5. Exposition of rural folk architecture - Stará Ľubovňa
6. Exposition of rural folk architecture - Bardejov
7. Exposition of rural folk architecture - Humenné

Efforts to publish a report on the state of folk architecture, architecture and urbanism in Slovakia at the end of this millenium have resulted in the development of a Programme for maintaining and using folk architecture traditions within the regions of Slovakia, which was discussed by the government of the SR on February 18, 1997. The government adopted Resolution No. 130/1997.

A proposal for the development of folk architecture and urbanism anchored in the Programme for maintaining and using folk architecture traditions within the regions of Slovakia according to governmental provision No. 130 of February 18, 1997, is aimed at setting up measures leading to saving and renewing this endangered part of the national cultural heritage. Ten projects of the Programme treat individual aspects of the problem - from documentation of selected buildings through resolving the protection of historically preserved territories to forming a working capital for protection of folk architecture. Part of the projects is directly connected with the national programme of preservation and revitalization of cultural historical sites - Provision of the Government of the SR No. 44 of January 14, 1997.

The proposal was formulated into the following projects:

1. A project of documenting of regions of folk architecture and urbanism in Slovakia.

2. A project of developing an Atlas of Regional Folk Architecture and Urbanism in Slovakia.

3. A project of maintaining and further usege of traditions of regional folk architecture and urbanism in the continuing settlement of the SR.

4. A project of developing materials: Measures for protection and renewal of historical preservations of folk architecture.

5. A project of developing materials: Measures for the first phase of renewal of the most valuable portions of declared village historical zones.

6. A project of identification and evaluation of thus far historically unprotected sites and their parts that are of doubtless of urban and architectonic quality.

7. A project for the completion and operation of folk architecture museums throughout the country.

8. A project for educating construction workers in the protection and renewal of historical objects and regional artistic skills.

9. A project for a non-investment fund for the protection of folk development materials: Measures and support of rural tourism.

10. A project for the organizational insurance and financial coverage of the subsequent procedures for maintaining and using sites and folk architecture complexes.

The National Historical and Countryside Centre is the developer of these projects with the participation of significant scientific institutions and experts. Project No. 2 is especially significant: The Atlas of Folk Architecture is being developed within it. The Atlas will register characteristic buildings and symbols of folk architecture in Slovakia and the situation for their preservation at the end of this millenium as a message for future generations and will be structured according to the ethnic in an encyclopedia form regions selected, based on the results of long-term scientific research. The project that will document and describe in an instructive format the characteristic signs of folk architecture with an effort to renew respect for the traditions of folk architecture and turn attention to the use of its traditions in current architectonic creation is also significant.

 Posledná editácia: 2009-11-29